
Ferroalloys
Ferroalloys are used for deoxidation and alloying of steel, high content grades are also used for reduction of metals from oxides.Ferrosilicon is a ferroalloy main components of which are iron and silicon. It is used for dioxidation and alloying of steel.
Ferrochromium is an alloy of iron and chromium, used for alloying of steel and alloys.
Ferromanganese is used for steel deoxidation.
Ferrochromium
The range of chromium alloys is very large.
There are 17 grades of ferrochromium and 5 grades of metal chromium. Alloys are differed mainly by the carbon content which differs from 0.01 to 8%. The lower is carbon content the more expensive is alloy and more complicated the technology of its manufacture.
Carbon free and low carbon ferrochromium is used for production of stainless steel and various alloys.
Carbonic ferrochromium is produced from chrome ore with Cr2O3 content up to 62%.
GOST 4757 - 91 (ISO 5448 - 81)
1.Chemical composition. Low carbon ferrochromium| Grade (GOST) | Fraction of total mass, % | |||||
| Cr | C | Si | P | S | Al | |
| not less than | max | |||||
| FeCr001À | 68,0 | 0,01 | 0,8 | 0,02 | 0,02 | 0,2 |
| FeCR001Á | 0,03 | |||||
| FeCr002À | 68,0 | 0,02 | 1,5 | 0,02 | 0,02 | 0,2 |
| FeCr002B | 0,03 | |||||
| FeCr003À | 68,0 | 0,03 | 1,5 | 0,02 | 0,02 | 0,2 |
| FeCr003B | 0,03 | |||||
| FeCr004À | 68,0 | 0,04 | 1,5 | 0,02 | 0,02 | 0,2 |
| FeCr004B | 0,03 | |||||
| FeCr005À | 65,0 | 0,05 | 1,5 | 0,03 | 0,02 | 0,2 |
| FeCr005B | 0,05 | |||||
| FeCr006À | 65,0 | 0,06 | 1,5 | 0,03 | 0,02 | 0,2 |
| FeCr006B | 0,05 | |||||
Note. According to customer’s request the low carbon ferrochromium is produced as follows:
- with fraction of total mass of Si max. 0,2; 0,3; 0,6% for grades FeCr001À, FeCr001B; max. 0,2; 0,3; 0,6; 0,8; 1,0% for grades FeCr002À, FeCr002B, FeCr003À, FeCr003B, FeCr004À, FeCr004B, FeCr005À, FeCr006À, FeCr010À, FeCr 015À; max 1,5% for grade FeCr025À;
- at that ferrochromium of grades FeCr001À, FeCr001B, FeCr002À, FeCr002B, FeCr003À, FeCr003B, FeCr004À, FeCr004B is allowed to be produced with fraction of total mass of Cr not less than 65%;
- with fraction of total mass of phosphorus, max. 0,02% for grades FeCr005À, FeCr006À, FeCr010À;
- with fraction of total mass of nitrogen, max. 0,04; 0,03; 0,02; 0,01 % and aluminium, max 0,1 % for grades FeCr001À, FeCr001B, FeCr002À, FeCr002B, FeCr003À, FeCr003B, FeCr004À, FeCr004B, FeCr005À, FeCr010À;
- with fraction of total mass not less than 60% and silicon 6,0-12,0% for grades FeCr005À, FeCr005B, FeCr006À, FeCr006B, FeCr010À, FeCr010B, FeCr015À, FeCr015B, FeCr025À, FeCr025B;
- with fraction of total mass not less than 90 %, phosphorus max. 0,01 % for grades FeCr003À and FeCr004À.
| Grade (GOST) | Fraction of total mass, % | ||||||
| Cr | C | Si | P | S | Al | N | |
| not less than | max | not less than | |||||
| FeCrN100À | 65,0 | 0,06 | 1,0 | 0,02 | 0,02 | 0,2 | 1,0 |
| FeCrN100B | 0,03 | ||||||
| FeCrN 200À | 65,0 | 0,06 | 1,0 | 0,03 | 0,02 | 0,2 | 2,0 |
| FeCrN200B | 0,04 | ||||||
| FeCrN400À | 65,0 | 0,06 | 1,0 | 0,03 | 0,04 | 0,2 | 4,0 |
| FeCrN400B | 0,04 | ||||||
| FeCrN600À | 60,0 | 0,03 | 1,0 | 0,03 | 0,04 | 0,2 | 6,0 |
| FeCrN600B | 0,04 | ||||||
Note. At customer’s request low carbon nitrated ferrochromium is produced: with fraction of total mass of carbon max. 0,02% for all grades; max 0,03% for grades FeCrN100À, FeCrN100B, FeCrN200À, FeCrN200B, FeCrN400À, FeCrN400B; with fraction of total mass of aluminum max. 0,1% for all grades.
2. Size.Ferrochromium is supplied in pieces 20 kg max or in form of crushed and sifted particles. High carbon ferrochromium is allowed to be produced in pigs 30 kg max.
Main requirements.| Size grade | Piece dimensions, mm | Max fraction of product’s total mass, % | ||
| oversize | undersize | |||
| 1 | 100 - 315 | 10 | 20 | |
| 2 | 50 - 200 | 10 | 10 | |
| 3 | 5 - 200 | 5 | 5 | |
| 4 | 5 - 100 | 10 | 10 | |
| 5 | 20 - 50 | 10 | 10 | |
| 6 | 5 - 50 | 10 | 10 | |
| 7 | 5 - 20 | 10 | 10 | |
Any piece should not exceed more than1.15 times the maximum limit of the given size range in two or three directions.
Surface and rupture should not contain strongly pronounced impurities of slag, sand and other foreign matters. Oxide film and traces of antiburning-on materials are allowed.
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